Cover of “Histology, Embryology, Cytology”

Histology, Embryology, Cytology

учебное пособие
  • ГЭОТАР-Медиа
  • 2022
  • 768 pages

Medical subjects

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The publication provides basic information on cytology, theories of tissues and organs, describes the successive stages and critical periods of human development. The authors address current data on regeneration and reactive changes of tissues and organs. The material is presented from a histogenetic point of view, taking into account age-related changes in tissues and organs.

The textbook is intended for students of medical universities, and may also be of interest for interns, residents, graduate students, and teachers.

  1. 01Team of authors
  2. 02Science editors
  3. 03Foreword from science editors to the seventh edition
  4. 04Foreword to the sixth edition
  5. 05Foreword to the fifth edition
  6. 06Introductory part
    1. Chapter 1. Histology, cytology and embryology. Their content, objectives and relationship with other medical and biological sciences. Their importance for medicine
      1. Questions
    2. Chapter 2. Research techniques in histology, cytology and embryology
      1. 2.1. Microscopy of tissue specimens
      2. 2.2. Techniques of studying fixed cells and tissues
      3. 2.3. Techniques of studying living cells and tissues
      4. 2.4. Techniques of studying chemical composition and metabolism of cells and tissues
      5. 2.5. Quantitative techniques
      6. 2.6. Techniques of assessing images of cellular and tissue structures
      7. Questions
    3. Chapter 3. Brief outline of the development of histology, cytology and embryology
      1. 3.1. Emergence of histology, cytology and embryology as a science
      2. 3.2. Histology and embryology as a university course. Russian schools of histology in late 19th, early 20th century
      3. 3.3. Development of histology, cytology and embryology in Russia
  7. 07Cytology
    1. Chapter 4. Cell doctrine (fundamentals of general cytology)
      1. 4.1. Cell theory
      2. 4.2. Structural components of cell
        1. 4.2.1. Cellular membrane. Intercellular junctions
        2. 4.2.2. Cytoplasm
        3. 4.2.3. Nucleus
      3. 4.3. Cell reproduction
        1. 4.3.1. Cellular cycle and its regulation
      4. 4.4. Reaction of cells to external effects
      5. 4.5. Cell death
      6. Questions
  8. 08Embryology
    1. Chapter 5. Fundamentals of human embryology
      1. 5.1. Progenesis
      2. 5.2. Embryogenesis
        1. 5.2.1. Fertilization and zygote formation
        2. 5.2.2. Cleavage and blastula formation
        3. 5.2.3. Gastrulation
        4. 5.2.4. Embryonic histogenesis and organogenesis
      3. 5.3. Extraembryonic organs
        1. 5.3.1. Amnion
        2. 5.3.2. Yolk sac
        3. 5.3.3. Allantois
        4. 5.3.4. Umbilical cord
        5. 5.3.5. Chorion
      4. 5.4. Mother-fetus system
      5. 5.5. Critical periods of development
      6. Questions
  9. 09General histology
    1. Chapter 6. Basic concepts of general histology
      1. 6.1. Tissue as a system
      2. 6.2. Tissue classifications
      3. 6.3. Tissue regeneration
      4. Questions
    2. Chapter 7. Epithelial tissues
      1. 7.1. General morphological features and classifications
      2. 7.2. Surface epithelia
        1. 7.2.1. Simple epithelium
        2. 7.2.2. Stratified epithelium
      3. 7.3. Glandular epithelia
      4. Questions
    3. Chapter 8. Blood and lymph. Hemopoiesis
      1. 8.1. CONCEPT of hematolymphoid system
      2. 8.2. Blood
        1. 8.2.1. Blood plasma
        2. 8.2.2. Blood cells
      3. 8.3. Lymph
      4. 8.4. Hemopoiesis
        1. 8.4.1. Embryonic hemopoiesis
        2. 8.4.2. Postnatal hemopoiesis
      5. Questions
    4. Chapter 9. Connective tissue
      1. 9.1. Connective tissue proper
        1. 9.1.1. Fibrous connective tissue
        2. 9.1.2. Connective tissue with special properties
      2. 9.2. Supporting tissue
        1. 9.2.1. Cartilaginous tissue
        2. 9.2.2. Bone tissue
      3. Questions
    5. Chapter 10. Muscle tissue
      1. 10.1. General morphofunctional features and classification
      2. 10.2. Striated muscle tissue
        1. 10.2.1. Skeletal striated muscle tissue
        2. 10.2.2. Cardiac muscle tissue
      3. 10.3. Smooth muscle tissue
        1. 10.3.1. Mesenchymal muscle tissue
        2. 10.3.2. Neurogenic muscle tissue
        3. 10.3.3. Muscle tissue of epidermal origin
        4. 10.3.4. Myoid cells
      4. Questions
    6. Chapter 11. Nervous tissue
      1. 11.1. Nervous tissue development
      2. 11.2. Neurons
      3. 11.3. Neuroglia
        1. 11.3.1. Macroglia
        2. 11.3.2. Microglia
      4. 11.4. Nerve fibers
        1. 11.4.1. Nonmyelinated nerve fibers
        2. 11.4.2. Myelinated nerve fibers
        3. 11.4.3. Reaction of neurons and nerve fibers to trauma
      5. 11.5. Nerve endings
        1. 11.5.1. Synapses
        2. 11.5.2. Effector nerve endings
        3. 11.5.3. Receptor nerve endings
      6. 11.6. Concept of reflex arc
      7. Questions
  10. 10Special histology. Introduction to histology of human organs and systems
    1. Chapter 12. Nervous system
      1. 12.1. Nervous system development
      2. 12.2. Peripheral nervous system
        1. 12.2.1. Nerves
        2. 12.2.2. Ganglia
      3. 12.3. Central nervous system
        1. 12.3.1. Spinal cord
        2. 12.3.2. Brain
      4. 12.4. Autonomic nervous system
      5. 12.5. Membranes of the brain and spinal cord
      6. 12.6. Age-related changes in the nervous system
      7. 12.7. Blood supply to central nervous system
      8. Questions
    2. Chapter 13. Senses
      1. 13.1. General morphofunctional features and classification
      2. 13.2. Eye
        1. 13.2.1. Development of eyes
        2. 13.2.2. Eye structure
      3. 13.3. Organs of smell
      4. 13.4. Taste organ
      5. 13.5. Organ of hearing and equilibrium
        1. 13.5.1. External ear
        2. 13.5.2. Middle ear
        3. 13.5.3. Inner ear
      6. Questions
    3. Chapter 14. Cardiovascular system
      1. 14.1. Blood vessels
        1. 14.1.1. Arteries
        2. 14.1.2. Microcirculatory bloodstream
        3. 14.1.3. Veins
        4. 14.1.4. Organ-specific structure of blood vessels
      2. 14.2. Lymph vessels
      3. 14.3. Heart
        1. 14.3.1. Endocardium
        2. 14.3.2. Myocardium
        3. 14.3.3. Epicardium and pericardium
      4. Questions
    4. Chapter 15. Lymphoid system
      1. 15.1. Primary lymphoid organs
        1. 15.1.1. Bone marrow
        2. 15.1.2. Thymus
      2. 15.2. Secondary lymphoid organs
        1. 15.2.1. Spleen
        2. 15.2.2. Lymph nodes
        3. 15.2.3. Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue
      3. 15.3. Morphological basis of defense reactions
      4. 15.4. Lymphoid system and cellular interactions in immune reactions
        1. 15.4.1. General characteristics. Definitions
        2. 15.4.2. Characteristics of immunocompetent cells
      5. Questions
    5. Chapter 16. Endocrine system
      1. 16.1. Interrelation of nervous and endocrine system
      2. 16.2. Central organs of endocrine system
        1. 16.2.1. Hypothalamus
        2. 16.2.2. Pituitary gland
        3. 16.2.3. Pineal gland
      3. 16.3. Peripheral endocrine glands
        1. 16.3.1. Thyroid gland
        2. 16.3.2. Parathyroid glands
        3. 16.3.3. Adrenal glands
      4. 16.4. Diffuse endocrine system (apud cells)
      5. Questions
    6. Chapter 17. Digestive system
      1. 17.1. General microscopic structure of alimentary canal
      2. 17.2. Anterior part of alimentary canal
        1. 17.2.1. Mouth
        2. 17.2.2. Waldeyer’s tonsillar ring (pharyngeal lymphoid ring)
        3. 17.2.3. Salivary glands
        4. 17.2.4. Teeth
        5. 17.2.5. Pharynx
        6. 17.2.6. Esophagus
      3. 17.3. Middle and posterior parts of alimentary canal
        1. 17.3.1. Stomach
        2. 17.3.2. Small intestine
        3. 17.3.3. Large intestine
      4. 17.4. Liver
      5. 17.5. Gall bladder
      6. 17.6. Pancreas
        1. 17.6.1. Exocrine part
        2. 17.6.2. Endocrine part
      7. Questions
    7. Chapter 18. Respiratory system
      1. 18.1. Airways
        1. 18.1.1. Nose
        2. 18.1.2. Larynx
        3. 18.1.3. Trachea
      2. 18.2. Lungs
        1. 18.2.1. Bronchial tree
        2. 18.2.2. Respiratory region
        3. 18.2.3. Pleura
      3. Questions
    8. Chapter 19. Integument
      1. 19.1. Skin
        1. 19.1.1. Epidermis
        2. 19.1.2. Dermis
      2. 19.2. Dermal appendages
        1. 19.2.1. Skin glands
        2. 19.2.2. Hair
        3. 19.2.3. Nails
      3. Questions
    9. Chapter 20. Urinary system
      1. 20.1. Kidney
      2. 20.2. Urinary tract
      3. Questions
    10. Chapter 21. Reproductive system
      1. 21.1. Male reproductive system
        1. 21.1.1. Testes
        2. 21.1.2. Seminiferous ducts
        3. 21.1.3. Accessory glands of male reproductive system
        4. 21.1.4. Penis
      2. 21.2. Female reproductive function
        1. 21.2.1. Ovaries
        2. 21.2.2. Other organs of female reproductive system
        3. 21.2.3. Ovarian and menstrual cycle
        4. 21.2.4. Age-related changes in female reproductive organs
      3. 21.3. External genitals
      4. Questions
    11. References

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